HONING

Honing is usually performed after boring, and its main purpose is to improve the surface quality (such as cylindricity, surface roughness) in the hole. ETANG has vertical and horizontal honing machines, using environmentally friendly coolant and high-efficiency oilstone, which can control the surface roughness to 0.1-0.8μm without burning or cracking.

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Alloy Processing Services

Heat Treatment

Quenching

Quenching is to heat the steel to above the critical temperature Ac3 (hypoeutectoid steel) or Ac1 (hypereutectoid steel) and keep it warm for a period of time to ensure that the martensite process is fully completed. Subsequently, the martensite (or bainite) is transformed by rapid cooling to below the Ms point (or isothermal near Ms). Quenching combined with different tempering treatments can significantly improve the mechanical properties of steel such as hardness, wear resistance, sensibility, fatigue strength and toughness. At the same time, it can also achieve specific physical and chemical properties of special steels, such as ferromagnetism and corrosion resistance.

Annealing

Annealing is to gradually heat the metal to a specific temperature, keep it at this temperature for a sufficient time, and then cool it at an appropriate rate. Its purpose is to reduce the hardness of the metal, thereby improving the machinability of the steel. At the same time, annealing can also effectively reduce residual stress, ensure dimensional stability, refine grains and adjust metal structure, thereby reducing the risk of deformation and cracks

Normalizing

Normalizing aims to improve the toughness of steel. Heat the forging to 30-50℃ above the Ac3 temperature, keep it warm for a period of time, and cool it out of the furnace at a moderate cooling rate. This makes the steel crystal grains refined, significantly improves toughness (AKV value) on the basis of a certain strength, and reduces the risk of cracking.

Tempering

Tempering is to reheat the quenched workpiece to an appropriate temperature below the lower critical temperature Ac1, and after keeping warm, cool it in a medium such as air, water and oil. Its purpose is to reduce or eliminate the internal stress in the quenched steel, while reducing its hardness and strength, and improving ductility and toughness. The quenched workpiece must be tempered in time.

Normalizing

Quenching and tempering aims to improve the comprehensive mechanical properties of steel materials. It includes high-temperature tempering treatment after quenching, so that the workpiece achieves an ideal balance of strength and toughness, and has high strength, excellent toughness and plasticity as well as machinability.

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HONING

Alloy Processing Services

Quenching

Annealing

Normalizing

Tempering

Normalizing

CONTACT ETANG